Migraine Treatment
Migraine treatment includes two main approaches: acute treatment and preventive treatment.
Acute Treatment
Medications used when an attack starts:
Pain Relievers
- Paracetamol
- Ibuprofen
- Naproxen
- Aspirin
Triptans
- Sumatriptan
- Rizatriptan
- Zolmitriptan
Migraine-specific, constrict blood vessels and block pain signals.
Anti-emetics
Medications like metoclopramide for nausea and vomiting.
Preventive Treatment
For frequent attacks (4+ per month):
- Beta blockers
- Antidepressants
- Anticonvulsants
- CGRP inhibitors (new generation)
- Botox injections
Non-Drug Treatments
Behavioral Therapies
- Acupuncture
- Biofeedback
- Cognitive behavioral therapy
- Relaxation techniques
- Regular exercise
Neuromodulation Therapies
Innovative treatment methods that regulate brain and nerve activity through electrical or magnetic stimulation:
TMS (Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation)
- Magnetic waves are delivered through a device placed on the scalp
- Can be used at the onset of an attack in migraine with aura
- Can also be applied as preventive treatment
- FDA-approved devices available for home use
tDCS (Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation)
- Brain stimulation with low-intensity electrical current
- Can reduce migraine frequency and severity
- Usually performed in clinical settings
Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS)
- Electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve in the neck
- Can be used for acute and preventive treatment
- Portable, non-invasive devices available
- Reduces pain signals and inflammation
GON Block (Greater Occipital Nerve)
- Local anesthetic injection to the nerve at the back of the head
- Effective for chronic migraine and cluster headache
- Rapid onset of action (few minutes)
- Effects can last several weeks
SPG Stimulation (Sphenopalatine Ganglion)
- Stimulation of the nerve cluster behind the nose
- Particularly used for cluster headache
- Applied with implantable or external devices
⚠️ Important: Neuromodulation treatments should be evaluated and applied by specialist physicians. All treatments should be determined by your doctor.